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November 10-26, 2003
C.O.R.N. 2003-38
In This Issue:
A) Seed Treatments in Corn
B) Fall Herbicide Applications
C) Regional Agronomy Meeting Series Held in December
D) Ohio No-Till Conference
E) Annual Corn Soy Conference Set For 12/11
There has been a lot of interest this past summer about the new seed treatment insecticides Cruiser and Poncho. Cruiser (thiamethoxam) was labeled on corn last fall and Poncho (clothianidin) was labeled this past spring. The crops and insects they are labeled on depend on the amount of material applied to the seed. The crops and insects are as follows:
1 - Cruiser 5FS @ low rate (0.125 to 0.8 mg ai/seed) is labeled on field, sweet, pop and seed corn and the insects chinch bug, cutworms (suppression), flea beetles, seedcorn maggot, southern corn leaf beetle, white grubs and wireworms.
2 - Cruiser 5FS @ high rate (1.25 mg ai/seed) is labeled on field corn only and in addition to the above insects also has billbugs, corn rootworms (light to moderate infestations) on the label.
3 - Poncho 250 @ low rate (0.25 mg ai/seed) is labeled on field, sweet and pop corn and the insects chinch bug, corn flea beetle, corn leaf aphid, cutworm (black), grape colaspis, seedcorn maggot, southern corn leaf beetle, southern green stink bug, white grubs (including European chafer larvae, May/June beetle larvae, Japanese beetle larvae), thrips and wireworms.
4 - Poncho 1250 @ high rate (1.25 mg ai/seed) is labeled on field, sweet and pop corn and in addition to the insects listed above also has corn rootworms (northern, western, southern and Mexican) and southern corn billbug on the label.
The question that is being asked at this time is whether or not the seed applied insecticides are needed and how well they will perform against some of the insects. We do not have information about how these seed treatments perform against many of these insects nor do we have some of these insects in Ohio. However, several trials were performed this past summer to evaluate the seed treatments against a couple of pests and to determine where, when and if the seed applied insecticides are needed.
Two trials were conducted to evaluate Cruiser and Poncho against seedcorn maggot (SCM). The plot area was in alfalfa, disked the latter part of April and left to lay for 2 weeks so that SCM adults would lay their eggs. In one trial, seed treated with 3 rates of Cruiser (0.125, 0.25 and 0.50 mg ai/seed) and a single rate of Gaucho was planted into the alfalfa plot area. The Cruiser treated seed resulted in significantly better stand and yield than the untreated check. The second SCM trial evaluated Poncho 250, the hopper box seed treatment Agrox Premiere, Gaucho and the granular soil insecticide Aztec 2.1G. All of the insecticide treatments resulted in significantly better stands and yield than the untreated check.
Another trial was conducted to determine whether corn planted at various times during the spring would benefit from the use of seed applied insecticides. The area, in soybeans in 2002, was sprayed with herbicides in the fall of 2002 to kill any winter annuals and did not have any known insect problems. Plantings were made on April 24, April 30 and May 22. The April 24 planting had the treatments of Cruiser @ 0.25 mg ai/seed, Gaucho @ 0.16 mg ai/seed and Poncho 250 @ 0.25 mg ai/seed. The April 30 and May 22 plantings contained Cruiser, Gaucho, Poncho and the hopper seed treatment Agrox Premiere. There were no significant differences in stand or yields with any of the treatments. Thus in this case there wasn't any benefit from using a seed treatment even though some of the plantings were made early in the season.
Two trials were established to evaluate Cruiser, Poncho and other insecticides and YieldGard Rootworm hybrids against corn rootworm larvae. Cruiser was applied at 1.25 mg ai/seed and Poncho was applied at 1.25 mg ai/seed. The corn rootworm populations were low in these 2 trials (2.8 and 2.6 root rating on a 1-6 scale in the untreated, 3 is considered economic) and all of the treatments had significantly lower root ratings than the untreated. However, there were no significant differences in yield between the treatments and the untreated. The seed treatments have done a good job in our trials against rootworm but the pressure has been low to moderate. However other states indicate that the seed treatments may not hold up under heavy rootworm pressure.
Two trials were planted side by side into an area that had been in wheat in 2002 at the Northwestern Branch of OARDC near Hoytville, Ohio. Two different hybrids were planted in this trial. The treatments included Gaucho, Cruiser @ 0.25 mg ai/seed, Poncho 250, and Poncho 1250. Although there were no differences in stand in the two trials the Poncho 1250 had a significantly higher yield in one of the trials.
The bottom line is that we need to determine where the new seed applied insecticides fit into a farming operation. Each field needs to be looked at individually and a treatment regiment decided for that field. If a field has benefited with the use of a seed treatment in the past, then one should probably be use now. However, if a seed treatment has not been used in the past, a grower should ask if there a need to use them now? We do know that a field with a history of insects such as wireworms or fields that may have seedcorn maggot problems, will benefit from a seed treatment. Additionally, Cruiser and Poncho could also be used to control rootworm in Ohio because our rootworm pressure tend to be normally low to moderate even under long-term continuous corn. However, there are still a lot of questions about where and when to use these new seed treatment insecticides, and hopefully we will be able to answer these questions in the future.
Information from the above trials will be available on the WEB at: http://entomology.osu.edu/ag/reports.htm
by the end of the month.
Can herbicides be sprayed after these low temperatures this past weekend? Based
upon the research conducted over several years, herbicide applications have
been made during and after some fairly cold temperatures and into December with
no drastic loss of weed control. There is no way to guarantee complete control
after these cold temperatures, but spraying during any warm period and increasing
the rate of glyphosate and/or 2,4-D can improve the control. With the potential
of glyphosate-resistant marestail over the southern half of Ohio and because
control of dandelions are more difficult in the spring, any herbicide application
applied yet this fall will provide better control than in the spring, even if
it is not perfect.
We now believe glyphosate-resistant marestail is as far north as U.S. Rt. 36
and as far east as U.S. Rt. 23! We will have to wait for results from greenhouse
studies to confirm how widespread it is, but for now anyone south of U.S. Rt.
30 (possibly the entire state) should manage marestail as if it is glyphosate-resistant!
Therefore all fall applications should contain 2,4-D ester in order to control
glyphosate- and ALS-resistant marestail.
The two best programs for controlling most weed species in the fall are glyphosate
plus 2,4-D ester and Canopy XL plus Express plus 2,4-D ester. There are other
programs available that control certain species very well, but OSU research
has shown these programs to be the most consistent.
If you are targeting marestail and/or dandelion, you will also control most
of the winter annual species. The only exception is 2,4-D ester applied alone,
in which chickweed will not be controlled. In this situation, add glyphosate
or Express to the 2,4-D to control the chickweed.
It is PREFERRED to apply herbicides on days when the morning low is greater
than 35 degrees Fahrenheit. The BEST control will be when the morning lows of
the days preceding and following application are greater than 35 degrees. Applying
herbicides on days when the morning low is below 35 degrees does not mean you
will loss all herbicide activity, but you should not expect complete control
when spraying at low temperatures. If temperatures stay cool, go ahead and spray
as some control is better than NO control.
Your favorite CORN newsletter contributors will be on-hand for this fast paced
industry update on current issues in corn, soybean and wheat production. Pre-registration
costs are $25 and end 7 days prior to the meeting you want to attend. Registration
on-site cost $30 and are dependent upon space availability, so be sure to register
early. A meeting proceedings, OSU publication and lunch are included in the
registration. The following sites will host the Regional Agronomy Meetings.
December 15, 2003
Knox County - Mt Vernon
Dan Emmett Conference Center
150 Howard St. Mt Vernon
Host Agent: John Barker
OSU Extension, Knox County
PO Box 1268
Mt Vernon, OH 43050-1268
740-397-0401
barker.41@osu.edu
December 16, 2003
Clinton County-Wilmington
Roberts Convention Center
123 Gano Road, Wilmington
Host Agent: Tony Nye
OSU Extension, Clinton County
111 S. Nelson, Suite 2
Wilmington, OH 45177-2099
937-382-0901
nye.1@osu.edu
December 17, 2003
Ashtabula County - Willamsfield
Williamsfield Community Center
St Rt 322 & St Rt 7
Host Agent: David Marrison
OSU Extension, Ashtabula County
39 Wall St
Jefferson, OH 44047-1137
440-576-9008
marrison.2@osu.edu
December 18, 2003
Allen County - Lima
Veterans' Memorial Civic and Convention Center, 7 Town Square
Host Agent: Curtis Young
OSU Extension, Allen County
3900 Campus Dr, Suite B
Lima, OH 45804-3596
419-222-9946
young.2@osu.edu
9:30 am - 3:00 pm
Der Dutchman's, Plain City, OH on SR 42
Prepaid registrations are $20 due by December 4, with checks payable to Ohio No Till Council, c/o Jane Aycock, USDA-NRCS, 200 N. High St., Room 522, Columbus, OH 43215. At the door registrations are $25. Includes refreshments and buffet lunch.
Agenda:
Ray Glaze - no till planter attachments and equipment
Norm Widman, NRCS - soil health for crop production
Warren Dick, OARDC - transition to no till, soil remediation
Ron Hammand, OARDC - slug management
David Brandt, farmer - cover crops
Harry Stromberg, ARS Georgia - cover crop research
Randall Reeder, OSUE - demo plots
No Till Awards
CCA credits available
The Corn Soy Conference is a one-day program running from 8:30 a.m. to 3:00
p.m. Invited speakers Robert Linkhorn, CEO at Limaco; Phil Laney, American Soybean
Association Country Director for China; a panel of industry personnel involved
in value added opportunities for biobased products; Biodiesel and Ethanol plant
representatives involved in the construction and implementation of these facilities;
and the closing speaker is Eric Vaughn who will review the "state"
of Washington D.C. and the effects on American Agriculture.
For reservations or more information, contact Carla at (614) 476-3100 by Friday,
December 5, 2003. Registration $20/person, which includes lunch and breaks.
Readers can subscribe electronically to this newsletter by sending an e-mail message to: corn-out-on@postoffice.ag.ohio-state.edu. A successful subscription message will receive by an automatic reply from the listserv. Contact your local Ohio State University Extension Office or e-mail labarge.1@osu.edu if you have problems subscribing.
Past versions of C.O.R.N. can be found on the World Wide Web at: http:/www.ag.ohio-state.edu/~corn/archive/
C.O.R.N. is a summary of crop observations, related information, and appropriate recommendations for Ohio Crop Producers and Industry. C.O.R.N. is produced by the Ohio State University Extension Agronomy Team, State Specialists at The Ohio State University and Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. C.O.R.N. Questions are directed to State Specialists, Extension Associates, and Agents associated with Ohio State University Extension and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center at The Ohio State University.
State Specialists: Pat Lipps, Dennis Mills & Anne Dorrance (Plant Pathology), Mark Loux (Weed Science), Jeff Stachler (Weed Science), Bruce Eisley (IPM) and Ron Hammond (Entomology); Extension Agents: Roger Bender (Shelby), Barry Ward (Champaign), Gary Wilson (Hancock), Greg La Barge (Fulton), Howard Siegrist (Licking), Glen Arnold (Putnam) Mark Keonig (Sandusky), Harold Watters (Miami) and Dusty Sonnenberg (Henry).Editor: Greg LaBarge Web Editor: Nathan Watermeier
Information presented above and where trade names are used, they are supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by Ohio State University Extension is implied. Although every attempt is made to produce information that is complete, timely, and accurate, the pesticide user bears responsibility of consulting the pesticide label and adhering to those directions.
All educational programs conducted by Ohio State University Extension are available to clientele on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, gender, age, disability or Vietnam-era veteran status.
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Keith L. Smith, Director, Ohio State University Extension.
TDD # 1 (800) 589-8292 (Ohio only) or (614) 292-1868
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